How to use the React-Query library for optimistic updates with rollback on error



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React-Query is a powerful library for managing server state in React applications. It provides features like caching, fetching, and updating data from a remote server. Optimistic updates with rollback on error can be achieved using React-Query's useMutation hook along with optimistic updates.

Here's a step-by-step guide on how to use React-Query for optimistic updates with rollback on error:

  1. Install React-Query: First, install React-Query in your project:
bash
npm install react-query
  1. Import Dependencies: Import the necessary functions and hooks from React-Query:
javascript
import { useMutation, queryCache } from 'react-query';
  1. Define Mutation Function: Define a mutation function that will perform the optimistic update and make the actual request to the server:
javascript
const updateUser = async (userData) => {
  const updatedUserData = /* perform optimistic update */;
  
  try {
    // Make request to update user data
    const response = await fetch('/api/users', {
      method: 'PUT',
      body: JSON.stringify(updatedUserData),
      headers: {
        'Content-Type': 'application/json',
      },
    });

    if (!response.ok) {
      throw new Error('Failed to update user');
    }

    return await response.json();
  } catch (error) {
    // Rollback optimistic update on error
    throw new Error('Rollback');
  }
};
  1. Use Mutation Hook: Use the useMutation hook to define the mutation in your component:
javascript
const EditUserForm = ({ userId, initialValues }) => {
  const [mutate] = useMutation(updateUser, {
    // Invalidate related queries after mutation
    onSuccess: () => {
      queryCache.invalidateQueries(['user', userId]);
    },
    // Rollback on error
    onError: (error, variables, rollback) => {
      if (error.message === 'Rollback') {
        rollback();
      }
    },
  });

  const handleSubmit = async (values) => {
    try {
      await mutate(values);
    } catch (error) {
      console.error('Mutation failed:', error);
    }
  };

  return (
    <form onSubmit={handleSubmit}>
      {/* Form fields */}
    </form>
  );
};

In the above code:

  • The useMutation hook is used to define the mutation. It takes the updateUser function and an options object.
  • The onSuccess callback is called after a successful mutation. In this example, it invalidates the related query in the cache.
  • The onError callback is called if the mutation encounters an error. If the error is due to a rollback, the rollback function is called to revert the optimistic update.
  • In the handleSubmit function, the mutate function is called to perform the mutation.

With this setup, React-Query will handle optimistic updates for you and automatically rollback the changes if an error occurs during the mutation process.

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