How to implement authorization in Next.js



Image not found!!

Implementing authorization in a Next.js application involves controlling access to certain pages or components based on the user's authentication status or role. Here are the general steps you can follow:

  1. User Authentication:

    • Implement user authentication using a library like NextAuth.js, Firebase Authentication, Auth0, or any other authentication provider.
    • Set up authentication pages, such as login and sign-up.

  2. Protected Routes:

    • Identify the routes that require authentication.
    • Create a higher-order component (HOC) or a custom hook to check the user's authentication status before rendering the protected route.

  3. Authorization:

    • Determine the user's role or permissions after authentication.
    • Implement logic to restrict access to certain pages or features based on the user's role.

Below is a basic example using a custom hook for authentication and a higher-order component for protecting routes.

Custom Hook for Authentication (useAuth.js):

jsx
// useAuth.js
import { useEffect, useState } from 'react';
import { useRouter } from 'next/router';
import { useSession } from 'next-auth/react';

export const useAuth = () => {
  const { data: session, status } = useSession();
  const [loading, setLoading] = useState(true);
  const router = useRouter();

  useEffect(() => {
    if (status === 'loading') return; // Still checking authentication status

    if (!session) {
      router.replace('/login'); // Redirect to login page if not authenticated
    }

    setLoading(false);
  }, [session, status, router]);

  return { session, loading };
};

Higher-Order Component for Route Protection (withAuth.js):

jsx
// withAuth.js
import { useAuth } from './useAuth';
import { useRouter } from 'next/router';

export const withAuth = (WrappedComponent) => {
  return (props) => {
    const { session, loading } = useAuth();
    const router = useRouter();

    if (loading) {
      // Render loading spinner or message while checking authentication
      return <p>Loading...</p>;
    }

    if (!session) {
      // Redirect to login page if not authenticated
      router.replace('/login');
      return null;
    }

    // Render the protected component if authenticated
    return <WrappedComponent {...props} />;
  };
};

Usage in a Protected Page:

jsx
// protected-page.js
import { withAuth } from '../path/to/withAuth';

const ProtectedPage = () => {
  return (
    <div>
      <h1>Protected Page</h1>
      {/* Page content */}
    </div>
  );
};

export default withAuth(ProtectedPage);

With this structure, you can easily wrap any page component with the withAuth HOC to protect it. If the user is not authenticated, they will be redirected to the login page. Adjust the code based on your specific authentication library and requirements.

Category List